What is the process called when water moves through a semipermeable membrane?

The process of water moving through a semipermeable membrane is called osmosis. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane. This movement occurs until equilibrium is reached, where the concentrations on both sides become equal. The semipermeable membrane allows only certain molecules, like water, to pass through while blocking others, ensuring that the selective transport of water is maintained.

This is essential for various biological processes, including maintaining cell turgor pressure in plants, regulating fluid balance in cells, and facilitating nutrient absorption in the intestines. The phenomenon of osmosis plays a crucial role in homeostasis within living organisms, as it helps to balance the internal environment of cells with their external surroundings.