What is the name of the process in which an egg is released from the ovary?

The process in which an egg is released from the ovary is known as ovulation. This event typically occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle and is characterized by the mature follicle bursting and releasing the egg into the fallopian tube, where it may encounter sperm for potential fertilization.

Understanding ovulation is essential because it plays a crucial role in reproduction and is part of the menstrual cycle, which prepares the female body for possible pregnancy. The hormone levels during this phase, including the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), regulate the timing of ovulation, making it a key aspect in both reproductive health and family planning.

The other options refer to different processes: fertilization involves the union of sperm and egg, menses is the shedding of the uterine lining when pregnancy does not occur, and menstruation is the overall cycle of hormonal changes involving these factors. Thus, ovulation is distinct and specifically indicates the release of the egg from the ovary.